Team 8 has been selected as one of three national finalists for the CIRT-ACE Mentor Design Award Competition!!!!!!!!!!!!!
:-)
Friday, March 20, 2009
Wednesday, March 4, 2009
Engineering part 4
Plumbing is the skilled trade of working with pipes, tubing and plumbing fixtures for drinking water systems and the drainage of waste. The plumbing industry is a basic and substantial part of every developed economy due to the need for clean water, and proper collection and transport of wastes. Plumbing also refers to a system of pipes and fixtures installed in a building for the distribution of potable water and the removal of waterborne wastes. Plumbing is usually distinguished from water and sewage systems. It also includes the fire escape plan.
Firestopping is required where mechanical penetrants traverse fire-resistance rated wall and floor assemblies, or membranes thereof. This work is usually done worldwide by the insulation trade and specialty firestop sub-contractors.
A building's waste-disposal system has two parts: the drainage system and the venting system. The drainage system, also called traps and drains, comprises pipes leading from various plumbing fixtures to the building drain (indoors) and then the building sewer (outdoors). The building sewer is then connected to a municipal sanitary sewage disposal system. Where connection to a municipal sewage system is not possible, a local, private, code-approved septic system is required.
The venting system, also called plumbing vents, consists of pipes leading from fixtures to the outdoors, usually via the roof. Vents provide for relief of sewer gases, admission of oxygen for aerobic sewage digestion, and maintenance of the trap water seals which prevent sewer gases from entering the building. Every fixture is required to have an internal or external trap; double trapping is prohibited by plumbing codes. With exceptions, every plumbing fixture must have an attached vent.
Plumbing drainage and venting systems maintain neutral air pressure in the drains, allowing flow of water and sewage down drains and through waste pipes by gravity. As such, it is critical that a downward slope be maintained throughout. In relatively rare situations, a downward slope out of a building to the sewer cannot be created, and a special collection pit and grinding lift 'sewage ejector' pump are needed.
The septic tank is a small scale sewage treatment system common in areas with no connection to main sewage pipes provided by private corporations or local governments. (Other components, typically mandated and is restricted by local governments, optionally include pumps, alarms, sand filters, and clarified liquid effluent disposal means such as a septic drain field, ponds, or peat moss beds.) Septic systems are a type of On-Site Sewage Facility (OSSF).
Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of surface and sub-surface water from an area. Many agricultural soils need drainage to improve production or to manage water supplies.
Firestopping is required where mechanical penetrants traverse fire-resistance rated wall and floor assemblies, or membranes thereof. This work is usually done worldwide by the insulation trade and specialty firestop sub-contractors.
A building's waste-disposal system has two parts: the drainage system and the venting system. The drainage system, also called traps and drains, comprises pipes leading from various plumbing fixtures to the building drain (indoors) and then the building sewer (outdoors). The building sewer is then connected to a municipal sanitary sewage disposal system. Where connection to a municipal sewage system is not possible, a local, private, code-approved septic system is required.
The venting system, also called plumbing vents, consists of pipes leading from fixtures to the outdoors, usually via the roof. Vents provide for relief of sewer gases, admission of oxygen for aerobic sewage digestion, and maintenance of the trap water seals which prevent sewer gases from entering the building. Every fixture is required to have an internal or external trap; double trapping is prohibited by plumbing codes. With exceptions, every plumbing fixture must have an attached vent.
Plumbing drainage and venting systems maintain neutral air pressure in the drains, allowing flow of water and sewage down drains and through waste pipes by gravity. As such, it is critical that a downward slope be maintained throughout. In relatively rare situations, a downward slope out of a building to the sewer cannot be created, and a special collection pit and grinding lift 'sewage ejector' pump are needed.
The septic tank is a small scale sewage treatment system common in areas with no connection to main sewage pipes provided by private corporations or local governments. (Other components, typically mandated and is restricted by local governments, optionally include pumps, alarms, sand filters, and clarified liquid effluent disposal means such as a septic drain field, ponds, or peat moss beds.) Septic systems are a type of On-Site Sewage Facility (OSSF).
Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of surface and sub-surface water from an area. Many agricultural soils need drainage to improve production or to manage water supplies.
Engineering part 3
The third part of the engineering system is the Telecommunication.
Telecommunication is the assisted transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of communication. Telecommunication has 3 main parts:
-a transmitter that takes information and converts it to a signal;
-a transmission medium that carries the signal;
-a receiver that receives the signal and converts it back into usable information.
A network is a collection of transmitters, receivers and transceivers that communicate with each other. Digital networks consist of one or more routers that work together to transmit information to the correct user.
A channel is a division in a transmission medium so that it can be used to send multiple streams of information.
The shaping of a signal to convey information is known as modulation.
Modulation can also be used to transmit the information of analogue signals at higher frequencies. This is helpful because low-frequency analogue signals cannot be effectively transmitted over free space.
Telecommunication is the assisted transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of communication. Telecommunication has 3 main parts:
-a transmitter that takes information and converts it to a signal;
-a transmission medium that carries the signal;
-a receiver that receives the signal and converts it back into usable information.
A network is a collection of transmitters, receivers and transceivers that communicate with each other. Digital networks consist of one or more routers that work together to transmit information to the correct user.
A channel is a division in a transmission medium so that it can be used to send multiple streams of information.
The shaping of a signal to convey information is known as modulation.
Modulation can also be used to transmit the information of analogue signals at higher frequencies. This is helpful because low-frequency analogue signals cannot be effectively transmitted over free space.
Engineering part 2
HVAC (Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning)
In order to create an ideal eco-friendly and economic stadium, we are looking forward to utilize as much natural wind as possible for heating, ventilating or air conditioning. Ceiling fans and operable windows will be installed in most areas, such as the outermost passageways leading to the stadium seats. The purpose of the ceiling fans is to circulate air within a room to reduce the perceived temperature. Because hot air rises, the fans could be used to keep a room warmer in the winter as well, as it circulates the warm air from the ceiling to the floor. We are also aiming to have as much open spaces as possible for the natural flow of air. As the hot air rises, upper openings allow it to flow outside the structure and, thus, forcing cool air to be drawn into the structure through lower openings. Furthermore, central heating and air conditioning will be installed in other areas, such as offices, restaurants, and the clubhouse. Such a system will require space for a mechanical room that can hold the boiler, furnace, and heat pump.
In order to create an ideal eco-friendly and economic stadium, we are looking forward to utilize as much natural wind as possible for heating, ventilating or air conditioning. Ceiling fans and operable windows will be installed in most areas, such as the outermost passageways leading to the stadium seats. The purpose of the ceiling fans is to circulate air within a room to reduce the perceived temperature. Because hot air rises, the fans could be used to keep a room warmer in the winter as well, as it circulates the warm air from the ceiling to the floor. We are also aiming to have as much open spaces as possible for the natural flow of air. As the hot air rises, upper openings allow it to flow outside the structure and, thus, forcing cool air to be drawn into the structure through lower openings. Furthermore, central heating and air conditioning will be installed in other areas, such as offices, restaurants, and the clubhouse. Such a system will require space for a mechanical room that can hold the boiler, furnace, and heat pump.
Engineering Systems [essay]
This essay is broken into parts:
Electricity-
To use the most green effiecient materials in our stadium, we can use 2 types of ways to generate electricity. These ways are Cogeneration and Steam Turbines. Cogenerationnis also called distributed energy resources. Instead of burning fuel to merely heat space or water, some of the energy is converted to electricity in addition to heat. that is how that works.
You can also use the Steam Turbines.Topping cycle plants primarily produce electricity from a steam turbine. The exhausted steam is then condensed, and the low temperature heat released from this condensation is utilized for e.g. district heatingbottoming cycle plants produce high temperature heat for industrial processes, then a waste heat recovery boiler feeds an electrical plant. Bottoming cycle plants are only used when the industrial process requires very high temperatures, such as furnaces for glass and metal manufacturing, so they are less common. Large cogeneration systems provide heating water and power for an industrial site or an entire town.
Common CHP plant types are:GasTurbine CHP plants using the waste heat in the flue gas of gas turbines Combined cycle power plants adapted for CHP Steam turbine CHP plants that use the heating system as the Steam condenser for the steam turbine. Molten Carbonate cells have a hot exhaust, very suitable for heating. Smaller cogeneration units may use a reciprocatingengine. The heat is removed from the exhaust and the radiator. These systems are popular in small sizes because small gas and diesel engines are less expensive than small gas- or oil-fired steam-electric plants
Electricity-
To use the most green effiecient materials in our stadium, we can use 2 types of ways to generate electricity. These ways are Cogeneration and Steam Turbines. Cogenerationnis also called distributed energy resources. Instead of burning fuel to merely heat space or water, some of the energy is converted to electricity in addition to heat. that is how that works.
You can also use the Steam Turbines.Topping cycle plants primarily produce electricity from a steam turbine. The exhausted steam is then condensed, and the low temperature heat released from this condensation is utilized for e.g. district heatingbottoming cycle plants produce high temperature heat for industrial processes, then a waste heat recovery boiler feeds an electrical plant. Bottoming cycle plants are only used when the industrial process requires very high temperatures, such as furnaces for glass and metal manufacturing, so they are less common. Large cogeneration systems provide heating water and power for an industrial site or an entire town.
Common CHP plant types are:GasTurbine CHP plants using the waste heat in the flue gas of gas turbines Combined cycle power plants adapted for CHP Steam turbine CHP plants that use the heating system as the Steam condenser for the steam turbine. Molten Carbonate cells have a hot exhaust, very suitable for heating. Smaller cogeneration units may use a reciprocatingengine. The heat is removed from the exhaust and the radiator. These systems are popular in small sizes because small gas and diesel engines are less expensive than small gas- or oil-fired steam-electric plants
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